== vcpupin ==
vcpupin is the process where-in each vCPU assigned to the VM is tied to a physical core/thread. Configuring this has the most profound impact when dealing with a system that has multiple NUMA Nodes because it forces requests to memory to stay on one node. This also helps by tying the vCPUs to the Node that is directly connected to the GPU.
=== Identifying CPU Affinity ===
Their are a couple of options available to determine what PCI_e device and CPU threads are connected to which Node. On Debian lscpu & lspci can both be used to determine which node a PCI_e device is connected to and which threads belong to that node.
Another option is lstopo (the <code>hwloc</code> package). This application provides a GUI overview of the cores/threads and what PCI_e devices are connected to which.